캐즘 이론

캐즘은 '빈 틈'이라는 뜻이다. 기술 수용주기 모델을 들여다보면 여러 단계들이 있다. 캐즘은 그 각 단계들 사이에 존재하는 웅덩이 같은 것이다. 이전 단계에서 취했던 전략을 그대로 쓰면 캐즘을 건너뛸 수 없고, 다음 단계로 건너가기 위해서는 다음 단계의 특성에 맞는 전략을 새롭게 고안해야 한다는 것이다.

기술 수용주기

신기술이 시장에서 채택되어가는 과정을 다음과 같이 모델로 표현할 수 있다.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Technology-Adoption-Lifecycle.png/800px-Technology-Adoption-Lifecycle.png

Innovator

Innovators are the first individuals to adopt an innovation. Innovators are willing to take risks, youngest in age, have the highest social class, have great financial lucidity, very social and have closest contact to scientific sources and interaction with other innovators. Risk tolerance has them adopting technologies which may ultimately fail. Financial resources help absorb these failures.

Early Adapter

This is the second fastest category of individuals who adopt an innovation. These individuals have the highest degree of opinion leadership among the other adopter categories. Early adopters are typically younger in age, have a higher social status, have more financial lucidity, advanced education, and are more socially forward than late adopters. More discrete in adoption choices than innovators. Realize judicious choice of adoption will help them maintain central communication position

Early Majority

Individuals in this category adopt an innovation after a varying degree of time. This time of adoption is significantly longer than the innovators and early adopters. Early Majority tend to be slower in the adoption process, have above average social status, contact with early adopters, and seldom hold positions of opinion leadership in a system

Late Majority

Individuals in this category will adopt an innovation after the average member of the society. These individuals approach an innovation with a high degree of skepticism and after the majority of society has adopted the innovation. Late Majority are typically skeptical about an innovation, have below average social status, very little financial lucidity, in contact with others in late majority and early majority, very little opinion leadership.

Laggards

Individuals in this category are the last to adopt an innovation. Unlike some of the previous categories, individuals in this category show little to no opinion leadership. These individuals typically have an aversion to change-agents and tend to be advanced in age. Laggards typically tend to be focused on "traditions", likely to have lowest social status, lowest financial fluidity, be oldest of all other adopters, in contact with only family and close friends, very little to no opinion leadership.

Startup에게 Early Adapter의 의미