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There is widespread agreement that social science research has done relatively little to solve social problems. Common to these assessments is the assumption that social science is best suited to generate solutions, when in fact it may be better equipped to address how problems get defined in the first place. A shift of attention away from outcomes toward inputs is not trivial, because the content of appropriate solutions is often implies by the definition of what needs to be solved. To focus on the process of problem definition is to incorporate a more substantial portion of psychology, specifically, its understanding of process of appraisal, social construction of reality, problem finding, and definition of the situation. Whether social problems are perceived as phenomena that have a serious negative impact on sizable segments of society, as substantial discrepancies between widely shared social standards and actual conditions of life, or as assertions of grievances or claims with respect to alleged conditions, there is agreement that they are big problems. And that's the problem. |
Weick, Karl E., 1984, 'Small wins: Redefining the scale of social problems', American Psychologist, 39(1), 40–49.
- A small win is a concrete, complete, implemented outcome of moderate importance.
Abstract: 사회 문제를 대규모로 생각하면 제한된 합리성을 초과하고 역기능적인 수준의 각성이 유발되기 때문에 혁신적인 행동이 불가능합니다. 사회 문제를 단순한 문제로 재구성하면 중간 정도의 중요성을 지닌 일련의 구체적이고 완전한 결과가 동맹을 끌어들이고 반대자를 저지하는 패턴을 구축하는 작은 승리의 전략이 가능합니다. 작은 승리의 전략은 건전한 심리학을 통합하고 정책 결정의 실용성에 민감합니다. The Massive scale on which social problems are conceived precludes innovative action because bounded rationality is exceeded and dysfunctional levels of arousal are induced. Reformulation of social issues as mere problems allows for a strategy of small wins wherein a series of concrete, complete outcomes of moderate importance build a pattern that attract allies and deters opponents. The strategy of small wins incorporates sound psychology and is sensitive to the pragmatics of policymaking.
There is widespread agreement that social science research has done relatively little to solve social problems. Common to these assessments is the assumption that social science is best suited to generate solutions, when in fact it may be better equipped to address how problems get defined in the first place.
A shift of attention away from outcomes toward inputs is not trivial, because the content of appropriate solutions is often implies by the definition of what needs to be solved. To focus on the process of problem definition is to incorporate a more substantial portion of psychology, specifically, its understanding of process of appraisal, social construction of reality, problem finding, and definition of the situation.
Whether social problems are perceived as phenomena that have a serious negative impact on sizable segments of society, as substantial discrepancies between widely shared social standards and actual conditions of life, or as assertions of grievances or claims with respect to alleged conditions, there is agreement that they are big problems. And that's the problem.