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| 팀은 다음과 같은 발달 단계를 거친다. | BruceTuckman 모델에 따르면 팀은 다음과 같은 발달 단계를 거친다. |
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| 1. Adjourning | 1. Adjourning/Transforming (나중에 추가됨) |
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| * Members get to know each other. * Participants agree on goals and begin completing tasks. * Individuals seek to understand each others’ skills and behavioral tendencies. * Emphasis of team members tends to be on individual needs. * Strong direct leadership is typical at this stage. |
* 멤버들이 서로 알아간다. Members get to know each other. * 참여자들이 목표에 동의하고 업무를 완수하기 시작한다. Participants agree on goals and begin completing tasks. * 각 개인들은 다른 사람들의 스킬과 행동 경향을 이해하기 위해 탐색한다. Individuals seek to understand each others’ skills and behavioral tendencies. * 개인의 필요에 기반해 팀원 개인에 대한 강조를 하는 경향이 있다. Emphasis of team members tends to be on individual needs. * 이 스테이지에서는 강력한 지시적 리더십이 전형적이다. Strong direct leadership is typical at this stage. |
Group Development Stage
BruceTuckman 모델에 따르면 팀은 다음과 같은 발달 단계를 거친다.
- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing
- Adjourning/Transforming (나중에 추가됨)
TeamBuilding을 위해서 이 발달 단계를 숙지하고 있는 것이 좋다.
The Evolution of a Maturing Team
When a new team is formed, a natural maturing process occurs. Tuckman described the evolution of a team in four stages:
- Forming
- 멤버들이 서로 알아간다. Members get to know each other.
- 참여자들이 목표에 동의하고 업무를 완수하기 시작한다. Participants agree on goals and begin completing tasks.
- 각 개인들은 다른 사람들의 스킬과 행동 경향을 이해하기 위해 탐색한다. Individuals seek to understand each others’ skills and behavioral tendencies.
- 개인의 필요에 기반해 팀원 개인에 대한 강조를 하는 경향이 있다. Emphasis of team members tends to be on individual needs.
- 이 스테이지에서는 강력한 지시적 리더십이 전형적이다. Strong direct leadership is typical at this stage.
- Storming
- Divergent ideas are raised, which can lead to conflict.
- Group goals from the Forming stage may be questioned.
- Individuals from some behavioral profiles suffer through this stage, [whereas] others enjoy the drama.
- Strong leadership is necessary to pass from this stage to the next.
- Norming
- Give and take occurs between team members.
- Individuals adapt their behavior and start to focus on accomplishing team goals rather than individual goals.
- In this stage, it’s important to ensure that team members don’t abandon important individual values and ideas just to avoid conflict.
- Leaders in this stage tend to operate more as facilitators than managers.
- Performing
- The team possesses all the skills and knowledge needed.
- Team members operate as a singular, holistic unit.
- All team members are motivated to accomplish the team’s goals.
- When conflict arises, the team knows how to work through it.
- Minimal supervision is needed.
When forming a new team for an agile project, it’s natural to assume that armed with the right processes and tools, the team will jump to Norming or even Performing, but this is not usually the case. Strong leadership is needed to swiftly coach the team through the early stages of the team’s maturity. This is why there is great value in keeping teams together that have worked well together in the past.
Resource:“Developmental sequence in small groups,” Bruce Tuckman, Psychological Bulletin Volume 63, 1965.
-- Individuals and Interaction: Chapter 3. Team Dynamics > The Evolution of a Maturing Team